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Charles Benjamin Dudley (July 14, 1842 - December 21, 1909) was a U.S. chemist who was an early proponent of standardisation in industry. Dudley was born in Oxford, New York, and owing to family circumstances, had to wait until 1867 before he could enter Yale College, supporting himself as a night editor on the ''New Haven Palladium'' newspaper. He eventually earned a Ph.D. from the Sheffield Scientific School.〔() (2001)〕 In 1875 he became a chemist for the Pennsylvania Railroad and started to investigate the chemical composition and metallurgical structure of rail tracks, breakage being a major hazard at that time.〔 He discovered enormous variation in the properties and quality of steel and the 1878 publication of his results〔Dudley (1878)〕 caused an uproar in the steel industry who saw it as their sole domain to determine the quality of their products for sale. Dudley championed the development of company and industry standards and demanded rigorous testing of materials to verify conformity. He developed a complete range of standards for the Pennsylvania Railroad, not only for steel, but also for fuels, lubricants, paints, and even locomotives.〔 In 1898, he was one of the founders of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM),〔 becoming president from 1902 to 1908.〔() (1926) ''New International Encyclopedia''〕 He died in Altoona, Pennsylvania.〔 ==Honours== *Member of Phi Beta Kappa;〔 *President of the ASTM, (1902-1909).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Charles Benjamin Dudley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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